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    • 专利摘要:
    Procedure and device for obtaining maps of exclusion zones, and of regions of indetermination in the exposure to electromagnetic radiation, which includes both the capture of electromagnetic experimental measurements and the analysis of the theoretical information on the different frequency bands, applying a processing of data that incorporates statistical methods, and that allows to obtain two types of maps: a) regions of indetermination or with high uncertainty and b) maps of regions exceeding a certain threshold value set. The invention also includes a device capable of capturing measurements and performing the processing according to this method, automatically, by means of a probe (or portable analyzer and antenna) (2) for the capture of measurements, which incorporates a processing module ( 3), which is coupled in a drone (1) capable of overflying the terrain to capture measurements and communicate with a mobile device in which to visualize the ground overflown, and positioned in the corresponding coordinates, allowing in turn to export and visualize the maps to a geo-referenced system or on a gis application, and identify the conflicting points or perform, for example, additional measures. (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding)
    公开号:ES2628415A1
    申请号:ES201630117
    申请日:2016-02-02
    公开日:2017-08-02
    发明作者:Fernando Tomás PACHÓN GARCÍA
    申请人:Universidad Catolica Santa Teresa de Jesus de Avila；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

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    description
    Procedure and device for obtaining maps of exclusion zones and regions of indetermination in exposure to electromagnetic radiation.
    Object of the invention
    The invention relates to a method for calculating maps of delimitation or delimitation of regions where there is a high probability that certain thresholds of exposure to electromagnetic radiation, as well as areas, called "indeterminacy" or "perimeter" undefined ”where there is such uncertainty that there is a high probability of not being able to assert with robustness whether the levels exceed or not the thresholds under study. Likewise, the invention incorporates the design of a device that integrates a collector element of electromagnetic radiation with a specific statistical processing module to generate the maps, being integrated over a network capable of intercommunication with mobile devices vi a connection i 3G / GPRS network (or any other superior) and to be able to visualize / superimpose the maps obtained on SI G systems for mobile devices, while working on the ground.
    On the one hand, the specific method or procedure implemented for the processing and obtaining of the maps is characterized in that it combines and incorporates both data from the experimental analysis of collected samples, as well as information from theoretical analyzes, the parameters of the different ones being integrated frequency bands in the memory of the sample collector element s (although allowing the user to modify parameters on request); The parameters that are generally included are the distance between our samples that are incorrect for a given frequency band and number of samples to apply the value filters is averages. It is possible to apply the method for both the electric and magnetic field magnitudes.
    On the other hand, the device of the invention incorporates a collector element of electromagnetic field measurements (called a probe, although it can also be replaced by a portable analyzer and antenna), a base element with the ability to fly over the surface terrestrial (called a drone) on which the probe is integrated, a positioning system GP S, also a module of
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    3G / GPRS communication (including 4G and higher) to intercom and export data with a mobile device (mobile phone, PDA, tablet or similar), while also allowing AGPS georeferencing.
    The invention therefore proposes a new, more robust procedure for assessing the exposure to electromagnetic radiation in the different frequency bands, complementing the procedures included in the regulations and standards that regulate which of the procedures should be and protocol to follow to measure and certify the levels to which the human being is exposed. In order to make this new more comprehensive treatment of the data collected viable, a new data processing module has been designed to be incorporated into the capture of measures, and integrating said measurement probe into a dr one that does not enable you to perform the capture of measurements in a specific sampling area (it is sometimes possible to fly over the territory or having to directly anchor the entire device on a characteristic tripod).
    Background of the invention
    Over the past few years, and given the proliferation of radioelectric emissions, there is growing concern about the possible health effects from exposure to electromagnetic fields of radio frequency, including wireless communication devices in the 100 kHz range. up to 30 0 GHz. The effects of heating and electronic induction have been evidenced in scientific experiments and verified in the society, and consequently most of the countries have developed safety regulations in the exposure to radiation, taking as limits those proposed by various international organizations.
    For the measurement of electromagnetic radiation, spectrum analyzers, receivers or measurement probes can be used; The latter have the advantage of supporting much higher levels than the first ones and are formed by an electromagnetic sensor where the signal is captured and by a visualization unit where the data obtained is processed and represented. Radiation meters can measure the intensity of radiation at any specified frequency range within their measurement range (mobile phone systems, Wifi, DECT, ...). This type of equipment, in addition to showing the intensity of radiation in
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    The standard units of W / m 2, A / m and V / m, can also show the level of reading radiation as a percentage of the legal exposure limits, to facilitate the interpretation of the results obtained.
    In the litter of patience we can find multiple examples; Thus, document CN-104459 346 proposes a portable device for the capture of electromagnetic levels, incorporated in a bracelet or similar, in which when or the user moves, radiation levels are captured that can be Dump on a map. The device can communicate with Bluetoo th or Wifi, or also with a server in the cloud that can store the data. It indicates that there is a control and alert device if the absolute levels are exceeded, unlike the proposed present whose objective is not to show the field levels as such and to see if a threshold is exceeded or not, but instead to focus on process the field levels to obtain probabilistic maps of overcoming levels, and on the other hand to delimit areas of indetermination. In addition, the device presented in the present invention is not a simple grabber or level collector, but is endowed with the ability to process the maps and is not designed to be carried by a person but to place them at a point geographical on the earth's surface or fly over it. It should be noted that it is different to measure the radiation dose that a person receives, to perform an analysis of levels in the environment, which is what is normally requested and certified and what has been developed in the present invention.
    Document US-2012010836 provides a system for capturing field levels, via spectrum analyzer and a GPS, to subsequently display these values on maps and correlate them to obtain maps of field levels. These maps can be exported to a GIS. For this, it captures both spatial values (at certain points) and temporal variations at those points. In summary, this document uses the traditional method indicated in the regulations to capture levels and what they do is capture many samples to show a map of levels. On the contrary, in the proposal of the present invention it is not a question of showing the field levels (as indicated in the regulations in this regard), but that it is a new concept of maps of indeterminacy and their impact. of thresholds, obviously measures are also captured, but the method is totally different, since it is not about directly showing the levels in space or time, but rather to elaborate maps with algorithms and sample processing
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    specific; In addition, the device that has been designed, apart from being different and more elaborated (being able to fly over and reach unattainable sites in another way), allows to process and communicate wirelessly with a mobile device (to show results and scenario of study with images).
    Focusing on Spanish love, as previously mentioned, the need for periodic certifications and evaluations is regulated, the procedure of which is set by SETSI. The primary objective is to have radioelectric emissions controlled and avoid compromised situations in which high doses of radiation are received, or the established limits are exceeded. When analyzing the exposure in the different bands, two approaches can be followed: a) via evaluation of thermal and stimulation effects, and / or b) via control of reference levels and basic restrictions (such as SAR). However, current scientific studies suggest that other aspects and factors should be taken into account when measures are collected, such measures are processed and conclusions are drawn, such as exposure time, traffic taken, signal variability. , the amount of emissions to which it is exposed, the sensitivity of the human being, and even the overt hyper sensitivity of certain groups, etc.
    Therefore, it is necessary to carry out measurement hoods but at the same time incorporate more robust methods of processing and evaluation of the measures in order to obtain more precise results that will help us obtain a better estimation of exposure to radiation and avoid possible adverse effects. The more information is more accurate or will be at the time of making an assertion about it. Measurements of the spatial and temporal distribution of the samples are recommended, but also of traffic effects, effects of the type of modulation, etc., you see, when all this information is incorporated, it may not be possible to be assured with completeness if the levels exceed the stable thresholds or not; of a hi the importance of new more complete methodologies.
    At the same time, it is necessary to have new devices that allow us to speed up both the measurement and processing scale or in a faster and more efficient way, and also allow to capture measures at certain heights above the ground than until now, except In specific circumstances, they are not feasible. Supporting
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    In electronics, robotics and computer science, today it is possible to design drones with a multitude of applications, which opens up new perspectives in different sectors, making them highly attractive and extremely useful.
    Detailed description of the invention
    The invention proposes a procedure that must be of the utmost importance and help in order to carry out certifications of radioelectric emissions, or evaluations and controls of base stations (an aspect that, from a normative point of view, must be considered to carry out revisions of the levels emitted with certain periodicity ad) and also of electromagnetic radiation emitting devices up to 3 00 GHz. As an innovative aspect of this procedure, it should be noted:
    1) It has been proven that depending on the measurement devices used, and the characteristics of the electromagnetic signal itself and the environment, it is not always possible to determine how strongly the levels measured are in a reliable range or no. In this sense, this procedure will allow to pay more attention to certain areas of interest and to be able to make decisions about increase / decrease of the emitted power, replication / elimination of certain base stations, extension of the security zone considered, among other aspects.
    2) To date, what has been done is simply: theoretical simulations or experimental measurements in certain isolated locations, and from these it is firmly asserted if the levels are above or below a certain threshold. Reconsidering this question, the present procedure is proposed, which has been experimentally validated, allowing corroboration to pray that the results obtained are interesting and conclusive.
    3) A processing module has been designed to be incorporated into the measurement device, or in the additional mobile device that is contemplated, which directly provides the geo-referenced maps of the regions of indetermination and overcoming of thresholds of Radiation, which allows you to fly over the earth's surface to capture the camp or not only in a 2D space but 3D (at a certain height above the surface), allowing assimilation or reaching certain locations that would otherwise be possible , and avoid or cross obstacles
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    that would prevent us from capturing field measures. Likewise and thanks to the design of a drone, with the element of capture of field measurements and the provision of a communication system that allows the wireless connection with a mobile device, it is possible to visualize, via video camera, the place that it is being flown over, and that on the other hand it also allows exporting the data and visualizing the maps obtained on a GIS system, with which it is possible to obtain first-hand and in situ information on the levels and dimensioning of regions , allowing more easily identify and georeference areas and points of interest or conflict.
    Before explaining the phases of the proposed procedure itself, some previous questions and some technical concepts that need to be known are described.
    When facing the procedure, it is necessary to know what the behavior of electromagnetic waves is, in other words, to know what is the typical function or theoretical dependence of the electric field with the distance from a point of generic view. This information will allow us to indirectly obtain the distance between samples to be collected, within the designed mesh, so that they are incorrect samples. Likewise, it allows us to know the number of recommended samples to ““ rent ”the measurement area and obtain average values. However, when conducting studies and certifications of field levels, the simulations or theoretical studies are not valid (rather than as an approximation), since the environments are always more complex than the simulation scenario we design. for simulations. Therefore, and although such theoretical information can give us a lot of prior information, from a legal / normative point of view it has to be carried out or experimental experiments on the points of interest. The usual protocol and procedure for the capture of electromagnetic samples is defined in international organizations (such as ECC); they indicate the duration of the measurements, and the typical configuration of the measuring devices for the different frequency bands.
    However, the choice of the measurement point is always somewhat compromised: a) either at a certain distance from the transmitter or b) or at a location where high levels have been detected, or there is a confluence of people, or said otherwise be "sensitive spaces". That said, it is quite questionable sometimes the exact selection of measurement points, given the impossibility of knowing
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    exactly if we are reading the most unfavorable or most compromising point of view from exposure to radiation. Therefore, it is sometimes suggested the possibility of performing a spatial scan in a certain area, taking measurements every certain distance, according to the sampling and signal restrictions under study. In this way you can get more information about the distribution of EM field levels in the environment.
    In the procedure that has been designed, a distance is selected at three points by default from the area in question, depending on the frequency band of interest, making it possible to obtain robust parts of the environment. After carrying out the capture of the measurement points with the drone, the specific procedure for obtaining the maps of interest is carried out. The statistical procedure designed allows to obtain the map of the level of operation according to a threshold and the map of regions of indetermination (or what is the same as areas with high uncertainty around the threshold, and in which it cannot be asserted if we exceed it or not).
    Description of the figures
    To complement the description that is being made and in order to facilitate the understanding of the features of the invention, a set of drawings is compared to the present specification in which, with an illustrative and non-limiting nature, has represented the following:
    Figure 1 is a flow chart or diagram of a specific procedure for obtaining maps from the measurements made.
    Figure 2 is schematically shows a device for capturing / collecting electromagnetic field measurements, as well as processing and sending data to a mobile device.
    Figure 3 is a diagram of the operation of the software of the previous device.
    Figure 4 shows a map of an undetermined region, as described herein, for a certain electromagnetic radiation threshold.
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    Figure 5 shows the previous map on a GIS system.
    Preferred Embodiment of the Invention
    The described procedure can be used for the calculation of maps absolute levels of electric (E) and magnetic (H) field values, and consists of the phases described below, as represented in Figure 1:
    a) Storage in an existing memory in the collector element of the data field measurements relative to the different frequency bands. For the study area and the frequency of interest band, return the minimum distance between deaths (which will be used in defense unless the user enters another) so that they are incorrect and the distribution of points in the meshing of the area under study (ie exact locations of the points to be measured).
    Also, in this memory of the sample collecting element, the measurement uncertainty associated with its own is given (or alternatively used instrumentation such as a portable analyzer and attachable antenna), so that it will enable us to later calculate the pr employees in the specific procedure designed.
    b) Capture of electromagnetic field measurements at each of the measuring points. To this end, the measuring device is moved at each location and the measurement capture activation procedure (sample collection) is activated.
    c) With the information as of the experimental samples collected in the previous phase, such as the information on the uncertainty of the instrumentation (in combination with other possible ones provided by the user in the measuring element), it proceeds to process these data by means of a specific software for obtaining maps of indetermination and overcoming threshold level. Processing techniques incorporate clustering and clustering techniques, as well as probabilistic theory, and Bayesian theory, and distribution functions or probability density.
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    These maps are stored in the device or measuring element itself and can be exported to the mobile device to display them in the GIS system.
    In Fig. 2, the device designed to capture measures is shown. It is composed of a measurement capture element (2) and equipment that allows both visualization and data entry, as well as a USB port for communication with a computer. A processing module (3) of the specific procedure has been included in this device and also includes an integrated GPS antenna. In the example shown, this device is mounted on a drone (1) that incorporates on the one hand the measuring device (2), as well as the so-called 3G / GPRS wireless communication module (alternatively 4G or higher too) (8 ), or with another wireless mobile phone technology for data transmission and AGPS localization, which allows the communication and export of data to a mobile device, and interact with said mobile device to access the built-in camera (6) . This module includes a module for flight control, consisting of a receiver / transmitter equipment with an antenna, a power supply and motors that allow the controlled flight of the drone. In addition, it has been equipped with a connector (7) in the lower part of the device that also allows it to be placed on a traditional tripod, in case it is not enabled to fly over certain spaces.
    The probe (or collecting device more generically speaking) (2) located in the drone is of the convention type and is usually provided with a keyboard (5) and a screen (4), which when the device operates in conditions of flight, they are totally inoperative and unnecessary sarios. The device (1) also incorporates elements for capturing measurements, location and positioning in specific coordinates (GPS) and a communication module with a mobile device such as smartphone, tablet, laptop, etc.
    The operation diagram of the operating process of the drone, shown by the software incorporated in the processing module (3) is shown in Fig. 3 (this module, optionally, could also be implemented in the mobile device with which one communicates the drone); In this process the following steps can be distinguished:
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    a) Manual introduction of the parameters recorded in a memory present in the collector element, or by means of an automatic calculation operation performed by the same, of the frequency band to be analyzed and of the optimal number of points and of the location of the different measuring points
    b) Location of the device at the coordinate point of the first point in question, either flying over the drone (1) until arriving at the desired place or manually positioning it on a tripod using the connection (7) existing in its base, depending on of the chosen use scenario.
    c) Once the coordinates (x, y) of the point have been established and the drone (1) located therein, the probe activates the preset time of measurement capture, while deactivating the wireless mobile communication module of the drone (1), so that it does not interfere with the measurements during the capture time. The drone movement control system part will always be activated, but the transmission / reception frequency is selected so that it is outside the main radio operating bands.
    d) Once the stipulated radiation capture time (6 minutes typically) is over, the mobile communication module is activated again and steps b) and c) are repeated for all the measurement points considered.
    e) Once all the points have been measured, the data is processed in the probe, using the specific calculation method indicated, and the maps are obtained, which are stored in the memory of the soda, while they are exported via wireless communication from the module of wireless mobile communication to the mobile device, where they can be displayed directly (Fig. 4) or super-ports in a GIS or coordinate system (Fig. 5).
    In Fig. 4 the map of a region of indetermination for a certain radiation and lectromagnetic threshold is shown; it could also represent an area of
    Overcoming levels for a transmitter of a given frequency band. In Fig. 5 you can see this map on GIS system, which the mobile device in situ provides us.
    5 Implementations of the method and / or system of the invention may involve performing or completing the tasks manually, automatically or in a combination of both, without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention.
    权利要求:
    Claims (7)
    [1]
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    1. Procedure for obtaining maps of exclusion zones and regions of indetermination in the exposure to electromagnetic radiation, which uses a measurement capturing element (2) that moves or moves through the area under study taking samples of the field thromagnetic elec existing in several points, which includes equipment that allows both visualization and data entry by the user, characterized by contemplating the following stages:
    a) storage in an existing memory in the sensor element (2) of the number of optimal points at which the necessary electromagnetic field samples are to be taken to ensure that these are incorrect in the range of study frequencies; as well as the distribution and / or localization of the points in which camp or electromagnetic measurements have to be taken, distributed according to a regular or irregular mesh;
    b) location of the electromagnetic field measurement device at the coordinate point of the first point in question and its movement to each of the locations, activating the measurement capture procedure in each of them;
    c) processing of the previous days, applying specific methods for the calculation of a map of regions that exceed a fixed threshold, and of a map of regions of indetermination, where there is high uncertainty and cannot be asserted emphatically without the levels exceed this threshold or not.
    [2]
    2. - Procedure, according to revindication 1, characterized in that the elaborated maps are stored in the capture element (2) and / or exported through a wireless communications module (3G / GRPS or similar) to a mobile device for its visualization, either directly or superimposed in a geographic information system (GIS).
    [3]
    3. - Procedure, according to the preceding claims, characterized in that, once the position of the measuring device is established at each of the coordinates of the am edir point, the element c is set (2) the preset time of capture of measures, while deactivating the wireless communications module incorporated in it, so that it does not interfere with
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    the measurements during the capture time, being activated again after the end of the radiation capture time and stipulated, and the process of establishing the position of the measuring device at the successive measuring points considered is repeated, with the consequent deactivation of the communications module of the device during the measurement phase.
    [4]
    4. - Device for obtaining maps of exclusion zones and regions of indetermination in the exposure to electromagnetic radiation, which uses a measuring element (2) that moves or moves through the area under study by taking samples of the electromagnetic field there are several points, which includes equipment that allows both visualization and data entry by the user, characterized in that the capture element (2) is mounted on a capable drone (1) of flying over the earth's surface and stabilizing at certain coordinates where the points at which the electromagnetic field samples are to be taken (which are incorrect in the frequency band under study), which includes a control module, are located (8) through which the user controls the operation of this equipment, which also includes a GPS or AGPS localization system and a camera (6) that allows visualizing the environment of job; which also incorporates:
    - a module for processing (3), specific to the data collected by the capture element (2), associated with a memory in which the output results are stored; which integrates a software suitable for the calculation of maps of regions that exceed a fixed threshold and / or of maps of regions of indeterminacy, where there is high uncertainty and cannot be asserted with completeness without levels exceeding or not this threshold;
    - a module of communication in wire that transmits the measurements made by the capture element and / or the maps obtained in the processing module to a mobile device available to the technician who performs the study of electromagnetic radiation, which is equipped with a means of visualizing said maps, either directly or superimposed on a geographic information system (GIS).
    [5]
    5. - Device, according to claim 4, characterized in that the control module of the equipment disables the communication module while taking measurements at the points where the electromagnetic field samples are to be taken.
    [6]
    6. - Device, according to claims 4 and 5, characterized in that it has an output and input connection to a suitable computer to allow the input and dump of output results.
    5
    [7]
    7. - Device according to claims 4 to 6, characterized in that it is provided with an anchor (7) in its lower part suitable for coupling it to a tripod.
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    同族专利:
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    ES2628415B1|2018-03-19|
    引用文献:
    公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
    US20120010836A1|2009-01-05|2012-01-12|Yeda Research And Development Co. Ltd|Electromagnetic radiation mapping system|
    EP2945412A2|2014-04-22|2015-11-18|PC-Tel, Inc.|System, apparatus, and method for the measurement, collection, and analysis of radio signals utilizing unmanned aerial vehicles|
    CN105137204A|2015-09-22|2015-12-09|西华大学|Apparatus and method for locating indoor electromagnetic radiation source|
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